106
allegiance (f). The truce which gave dear-bought liberty to David II. in
1357 did not restore Roxburghshire to its ancient obedience (g). By a treaty
for settling border disputes, which was held at Roxburgh within the church
of the Minor Friars during the same year, it was agreed that all lands should
remain as they were then possessed (h). But the time came at length when
the borders were restored to their old limits, and the men of Teviotdale were
to return to their natural connection (i). Yet the people on the marches
between the two kingdoms continued in a state of conflict even after the
accession of King James had united the sister, yet adverse kingdoms (k).
From inquiries with regard to the limits of the two kingdoms and the state
of Teviotdale, the next objects of our attention are the castle and town of
Roxburgh; and they seem both to have existed during Saxon times and
during the Scottish period of the North-British annals. The castle and town
appear plainly to have been appropriate portions of Earl David's apanage, and
his favourite residence after his succession as king (l). By Earl David's
(f) In 1356, Edward III. granted a kind of charter to the men of Tevydale. It recited their
fidelity; it granted them all the liberties, which they had enjoyed, during the reign of Alexander III.,
with their old privileges, within the town of Berwick. Ib. v. 854. In 1359, a similar grant was
made by the same prince to the men of Liddesdale. Ayloffe's Calend. 222.
(g) Bym. v. 846—854 ; Ib. vi. 426-7. Edward III. retained within his artful grasp the castles of
Roxburgh, Jedburgh, and Lochmaben.
(A) Id.
(i) An ordinance issued from the Scottish council, in April 1385 ; directing, that the men of Teviot-
dale, who had come lately from the allegiance of the king of England to the allegiance of the king of
Scotland, should retain their possessions, but should be required to show their title deeds. MS. Paper
Office, which has been transferred to the Register House at Edinburgh.
(k) In 1620, King James issued a proclamation "contra tenentes seditiosos,'' which recited the
inconvenience of tenant rights on the Scottish borders, or customary right of holding, in consideration
of services on the borders ; and which decreed, that no estate should pass, in future, except by
indenture. Rym. Foed. xvii. 249.
(I) Many of the charters of David I, Malcolm IV., of William the Lion, and the two Alexanders,
his son and grandson, were dated in the castle of Roxburgh ; as we may see in the churtularies. and
in the Diplomata Scotiase, pl. 22—24. David I. granted to the church of St. John, within the castle
of Roxburgh, a carucate of his domestic lands in Roxburgh, a toft with its pertinents, and a piece of
land below the castle, with the oblations of those who resided within it, and also a part of his own
oblations when he or his family should reside in the castle; in the same manner as one of his own
chaplains ought to have. He gave also to this church of St. John the tithes of his underwood, and a
tenth part "de sepo occisionis," by him in Teviotdale. Chart. Glasgow, No. 205. This charter of
the munificent David was confirmed his son Henry, and by his grandson William. Ib. 2G7—9. Those
charters not only show the residence of David I., but carry the mind back to the manners of ages that
are long passed.