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first earl of Carrick of this dynasty, probably repaired the castle at
Annan (i).
This family had a castle at Hoddam, on the east bank of the Annan,
which ought not to be confounded with the more modern castle of Hoddam,
that was built on the west bank of the Annan by John Lord Herries, under
Mary Stewart (j). They had also a castle on the Milk, which obtained the
name of Castle Milk, before the year 1179, as we know from the Chartulary of
Glasgow.
This family had their followers, who no doubt shared with them this vast
estate upon the feudal principle of service. Adam de Kirkpatrick possessed
in early times the manor of the same name, in north-western Annandale (k).
The progenitors of the great family of the Johnstons held the manor, from
which they derived their name, under the Bruses ; and Lochwood Castle, in
the parish of Johnston, continued, for centuries of violence, the chief fortlet of
this powerful clan. The Carlyles possessed the manor of Torthorwold as
vassals of the Bruces as early as the thirteenth century (l). The Carnocs, as
early as the twelfth century, possessed the manors of Traverflat and Drum-
grey, on the western confines of Annandale (m).
Eskdale throughout its whole extent was settled by Anglo-Norman
barons and their followers early in the twelfth century. David I. granted
Upper and Lower Eskdale to Robert Avenel for his services (n). This baron
seems to have been a councillor of Malcolm IV., and to have continued to
(i) A stone which was taken from the ruins of it bore this inscription : " Robert de Brus, Counte de
Carricke, et Seniour, du Val de Annan. 1300." Pennant's Tour, iii. 84.
(j) The ancient castle of Hoddam stood at the place which bears the name of Halguard.
(k) In 1264, he had a lawsuit with the monks of Kelso about the advowson of the church of
Kil-Osbem, which was decided against him by the abbot of Jedburgh. Chart. Kelso, 339. He
was probably the progenitor of Roger Kirkpatrick, who despatched John Cumin after Robert
de Brus had given him " a perilous gash ;" and from this deed assumed as his motto, " I'll mak
sicker."
(/) Adam de Carleol obtained from William de Brus a charter for his lands in Annandale. Dougl.
Peer., 128.
(m) Walter de Carnoc was in possession of the parish of Trailflat, which adjoins Lochmaben
and Drumgrey ; that is higher up on the Kinnel. Walter de Carnoc granted to the monks of
Kelso the churches of Trailflat and Drumgrey, and his grant was confirmed by William the
Lion. Chart. Kelso, 341. Walter de Carnoc was succeeded by his son Thomas in those
manois ; and he, by his son Thomas ; and he, by his son Robert de Carnoc, knight, who in
1266, confirmed those churches to the same monks. Ib. 342. This knight was probably the
progenitor of Thomas de Carnoc, who appears as a frequent grantee in several charters, from
Robert I., and his son, David II., to whom he was chancellor, in 1342. Regist. Mag. Sig. Rot.,
ix. 14.                                                (n) Chart. Melrose, 91.