152 abate the evil. And I believe that there is sufficient evidence already accumu- lated to show that sanitation has diminished mortality from cholera, as from many other diseases. 213. The evidence I shall offer on this subject will be brief, a few examples only, in the way of contrasts. Cholera at Thayet- myo in Burmah. (a.) The outbreaks of cholera on three successive occasions in 1863, 1869, and 1870, have been most virulent in the European Barracks occupying the lowest site, in a low basin, on the banks of the Irrawaddy river. The Native Regiment occupying ground on a higher level, and the officers and their families, also on higher ground, have generally escaped attack. In April 1870, there were 33 attacks and 27 deaths out of a strength of 423 Europeans, and only one native soldier out of a strength of 643 was attacked in the same time. No Military or Civil Officer, or European lady, suffered, but the women and children of the British troops were attacked equally with the men. Fort Saint George. (b.) The intensity of outbreak on 2nd March 1870was confined to one barrack, in which cholera has frequently been known to localize itself. While cholera was prevailing in this circumscribed locality, the half million of native population outside the Fort were absolutely free. The insanitary conditions here were, doubtful water-supply (common to all the troops in the Fort), emanations from the town drain (stirred up by recent rainfall), and an open cut in the soil beneath the barrack flooring, the soil in which spot had been moistened by recent rain. (c.) Cuddalore Jail.-Strength 301; no cholera; water-supply "excellent;" "dry earth conservancy" "a complete success." Cuddalore Town.-Population 28,421; cholera deaths occurred in January, February, May, June, July, August, September, October; total deaths 42. (d.) Madura New Jail.-Built outside the town on clean soil; wards airy and clean; water good, conservancy good; strength of prisoners 180; no cholera. Madura Old Jail.-Building part of an ancient palace within the Fort; soil and water contaminated; fifty Civil debtors located here; space ample; five cholera cases, and four deaths amongst them. Town of Madura.-Huts overcrowded; population 39,872; conservancy bad; foul privies, foul soil, and contaminated wells everywhere abounding; a year of cholera invasion; deaths from cholera 376; cholera prevailed in the town from February to May and from August to December. In the Madura district Captain Guthrie has noted the very frequent connexion between filth and cholera intensity. (e.) Rajahmundry New Central Jail.-Building on an elevated site, outside the town; water of good quality from wells; wards airy; ample space; building quite new; strength of prisoners 845; not a single case of cholera; cholera prevailing violently in all the country around. District Jail within the town.-Buildings old, and badly ventilated; strength of prisoners 89; cholera broke out in May; 16 cases in three days. Medical Officer writes, "during the month of May last when cholera prevailed in this jail, the cells were so hot that I could only compare them to hot ovens or heated air-baths, and I allowed the prisoners to sleep in the open air." Rajahmundry Town.-Population 17,498; cholera deaths 147; epidemic began in May.