?(84)
mosquito-proof netting has been chiefly advocated by Professor Celli in Italy,
and it may, therefore, be appropriately called the method of Celli.
The third plan, that of segregation, differs from segregation measures
usually carried out in the case of other contagious diseases, in that it has
for its object not the segregation of the sick but of the healthy. It
has been chiefly advocated for the protection of Europeans who are obliged to
live in malarious districts, and it has its foundation in the fact that natives,
and especially native children, in malarious countries form the chief source
of infection of Anopheline mosquitoes. It assumes also that such mosquitoes
do not habitually fly more than half a mile, and that they bite at night-time
only. On these grounds it is advocated that no European house should be
built within half a mile of a malarious town or village, and that no native
servants or their children should be allowed to sleep at night in the com-
pounds of European bungalows, but that their quarters should be placed as
far as possible from the bungalow.
This method of prophylaxis goes by the name of " The segregation of
Europeans," and was initiated by Drs. Stephens and Christophers, who con-
sider it to be the most efficient way of protecting Europeans from malaria
in certain parts of Africa and India.
Having thus briefly summarised the different methods of prophylaxis
recommended, we may now apply our knowledge to the following particular
cases:-
(1) Prophylaxis as applied to the individual.
(2) Prophylaxis as applied to any particular body of individuals such
as a regiment of soldiers or the inmates of a jail.
(3) Prophylaxis as applied to communities.
1. Prophylaxis for the individual.-In considering the prevention of
malarial fevers from the point of view of the individual it is necessary to
distinguish carefully between two points which are frequently confused,
viz.: (1) the prevention of first or new infections; and (2) the prevention of
relapses of former attacks.
There is no doubt that any individual, who wishes to do so, may effec-
tually protect himself from a first or a new infection, wherever he may be