CHAP. VII.]	Measures in the City of Bombay.	165
actual hospital as possible ; the arrangement shown was adhered
to, as far as feasible, in all Government hospitals.
"All hospital buildings were constructed of the lightest and cheapest
materials compatible with safety. The posts and framing were
of bamboo or benteak set well into the ground on a 12-inch plinth ;
the sides were of single bamboo matting ; the roof of two thick-
nesses of jowli or cadjan (plaited palm leaf in general use in tropical
countries) ; the latter in some instances lined. inside with cloth.
The whole hospital, inside and out, except the roof, was limewashed
at intervals.
" The cook-houses were constructed of corrugated iron, both roof
and sides, on wooden framing.
" Drinking-water was drawn from two or more taps to meet the
wants of the various castes.
Sanitary
arrangements.
" As regards sanitary arrangements, the privies were on the dry ;
system, the night-soil being removed by hand after being disin-
fected with perchloride of mercury or carbolic acid ; a washing
place, with one or more taps, with a paved space around it, was
always provided in a convenient position, and from that and the
bathrooms in connection with the nurses and hospital assistants'
quarters and the various cook-houses was led a small open drain
constructed of 4-inch stoneware pipes cut in half and laid on concrete,
connected either with cesspools or the nearest available drain.
"It has generally been found convenient to supplement the build-
ings shown on the plan by a general cook-house for the wards,
and an extra bathroom for nurses' quarters ; in some hospitals
which were continually full, a dispensary and office were also
given, otherwise a corner of one of the wards was made use of
for this purpose. It was also found desirable to place a width of
rabbit wire-netting round the lower walling of the mortuary, or to
supply a wire bier cover to prevent dogs interfering with corpses
lying therein; the mortuary was, wherever practicable, placed well
away from the hospitals and quarters.
"The cost of the buildings above described averaged annas 6 per
square foot of area covered ; the arrangements and style were found
to be eminently successful and the generality of Government hospitals
were much cooler than those of private hospitals located in permanent
buildings.
Staff.
"The staff of a one-section hospital was fixed as follows: -
2 Nurses,	             	1 Bheesty.*
1 Ayah.  	             	2 Sweepers.
1 Hospital Assistant.		2 Nurses' servants.
4 Ward Orderlies.			1 Hospital cook.
* Water carrier.