INTRODUCTION.
xxm
The soap-manufacture is of large aggregate, and is carried on at Leith, Prestonpans,
Aberdeen, Montrose, Glasgow, and Paisley. — The manufacture of kelp, once producing
above £200,000 vearlv, has nearly ceased since the reduction of the duty on barilla and
salt. The iron trade — which is great and increasing — belongs principally to Lanark-
shire, Fifeshire, Carron, and Muirkirk, and will be well understood by reference to the
articles on these localities, and to those on Glasgow, and the Monklands. The distilla-
tion of spirits produced, in 1708, 50,844 gallons ; in 1791, 1,696,000 gallons ; in 1831,
6,021,536 imperial gallons for home consumption, and 149,849 for exportation to Eng-
land ; and in 1838, 6,124,035 imperial gallons for home consumption. 2,215,329 for ex-
portation to England, and 861,069 for exportation to Ireland. The following is a return
of the proof gallons of spirits distilled in each collection of excise, and within the limits
of the head-office of excise in Scotland, in each year, from 10th October 1839 to 10th
October 1841, and showing the total proof gallons for each of these years : —
COLLECTION'S.
Aberdeen
Artryle, Xorth
Arevle, South
Avr
Caithness .
Dnrofries
Edinburgh •
Elgin ,
Fife
Carry up
Tears ended Oct. 10,
COLLECTIONS
1S40.
1S41.
21S.Q46
214.337
Brought up •
57,075
5S.745
Glasgow
904,910
1,024/S9
Haddington
471.254
471.41S
Inverness
94.517
" ,--
Linlithgow
80.607
67,149
Montrose
1,531,965
1,339.237
Perth
336,162
351656
Stirling
565.017
605,049
Total
4,311,453
4,225,SIS
COilM
ERCE.
Years ended Oct. 10,
1S40.
1S41.
4,311.453
4.225.S1S
2,007,301
1.SOS.666
416,190
392.931
218.725
210.740
. 586.716
600.S49
97.557
93.316
. 326,252
2S5.5S7
1,068,159
992,637
9,C32^53 8,570,744
Scotland's exports consist principally of the produce of her cotton and linen manufac-
tures ; and her imports, of the raw materials for her cotton and linen fabrics, and of
articles of colonial and foreign produce, which are demanded by the growing taste and
luxuriousness of her population. To enumerate subordinate articles, or those included
in this general classification, would be to write a list of goods as long, tasteless, and
tiresome, as that of a Tender of all wares. Till about the year 1755, when the exports
amounted in Talue to £535,576, and the imports to £465,411, Scotland's commerce was
almost as unknowing of foreign lauds as her own hardy mountaineers, and as cold and
cheerless as their climate and their dress. But from that period, and especially from a
decade before the close of last century, it has progressively, though not uniformly, moved
on to importance. The following is an account of the official and declared value of the
imports into and the exports from the different Scottish ports, from 1824 to the latest
period at which the accounts are made up : —
Official Value of Exports.
Official Value of Expohts.
r
Imports
British and
Foreign
Declared
r
Imports
British and
Foreign
Declared
Furs.
into
Irish Pro-
and Colo.
Tout.
Value of
Tears.
into
Irish Pro-
and Colo-
Total.
Va^ne of
Scotland.
duce and
Hasutacmres.
nial Mer-
chandise.
Exports.
Scol.ar.d-
:'-:? 2: i
Manufactures.
nial Mer-
chandise.
Exports.
1S24
£3,145.953
£5.009.324
£159.396
£5.169,220
£2,670.131
1S33
£4.63S.6S2
£6.820.331
£130,721
£7.051.102
£2 636 840
1S25
3,719,366
4,937.746
109.81 1
5,047,557
2.721.166
1S34
4.663 955
7,159.102
117.5*4
7.276 666
2 647,212
]&6
3,036,679
4,SS3,074
147.270
4,430.344
2,167,459
1S35
4,659.151
S.372,593
156.735
S 529.333
3,272.250
1827
3.94S.2C5
5.932,350
126.745
6.059,595
2.745.965
1336
6,053.611
8.258.673
131,572
8,390.245
3;65.995
182 3
A. 023,642
6,148.444
1S5.1SS
6,:33,f32
2,697.520
1&7
5.130,371
7.250.554
134.332
7.364. SS6
2,724.476
1S29
3.863.994
0,558.557
127.5-,0
6,f56.117
2,737,S35
1S3S
5,873,612
10,012.599
134 790
10,147.339
3,469.051
1830
3::-.*-.i
6,931392
125.941
7,110,333
2.S13.143
1S39
4,^-33,611
11,216.504
105.376
1I.321,S00
3.961,692
1S31
<1S7.0S7
7,943,612
111J0S6
S0O4.69S
3.189,318
1S40
6.614446
12.956,241
127.440
13,0S3.6S4
4,391 S71
1632
4,451,351
7,120,595
155,615
7.276,210
2,640,751
1S41
6,476,670
12,240,523
132,451
12,372,974
4,124,957
The distribution of the commerce, if simply remembrance be had that Greenock and
Port-Glasgow are dependent on Glasgow, and Leith dependent on Edinburgh, will be
understood from a tabular view of the gross customs, paid during the years 1835, 1840,
and 1841, at each of the Scottish ports : —
Customs,
CcSt-TTt,
Cos loses,
Poets.
1635.
1840.
1851.
Aberdeen
£53,335
£80,013
£76,126
Ayr ....
1,133
1,827
1.463
Ailoa (from 5th January, 1341)
...
2,235
Bai.ff ....
1,112
1,357
1,698
Borrowstonness
3,769
4,670
4,073
Campbeltown . .
381
433
934
Dumfries . . .
4.261
9 107
8,766
Dundee •
45,609
63.S46
48.13S
Glasgow
314,701
472,it3
526,100
Grangemouth . . .
21,325
31,216
20.692
Grpennck
448,661
341.647
4-. .-:'
lnverue=s , . a
576
6,171
4,166
Customs,
Customs,
Customs
Posts.
1S35.
ISM.
1S41.
Irvine . .
£2.441
£3,r92
£3,711
Kirkcaldy '_ .
5,921
4,207
4.217
Kirkwall
369
671
771
Leith
4S9.3M
602,999
6' 4,C~3
Lerwick • •
1 272
707
153
Mi.ntrose . •
6,827
33.463
31,713
Perth (from 5th July, 1840)
10,766
12,381
Port-Glasgow
125,i'62
84,369
100.278
Stornoway ...
555
646
349
Stranraer
292
567
653
Wick
1,676
1,140
1,232