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The families of the European Veteran Company are mostly large, and from 600 to 800 women and children reside in the station. In 1857, and again in 1865, there were a few cases of cholera amongst the families, due in both cases to importation. In 1869, when the bazaar population was slightly affected, not one of the European Soldiers, or of their families took cholera.
With regard to cholera amongst the Native Troops, many of the older reports are silent as to the antecedents of the men attacked. Of recent years, the Medical Officer's reports show that the occasional cases were all due to importation. There has been no case of cholera either in the European or Native Force of the station since the year 1866.
MADURA.
1. Station
Town of Madura, North Lat. 9 50," East Long. 78 12."
2. Presumed population.
Between 40,000 and 50,000. A new Census is to be taken in the course of the present year.
3. Height above sea level.
Six hundred feet.
4. Height or depression in regard to surrounding
country.
The town of Madura is built on the left bank of the Vigay river, the principal stream of the district, and consequently occupies a low site in the river valley. There are low ranges of hills to the west and north. The town was formerly surrounded by a fortified wall and deep ditch, but the wall has now been levelled, and the ditch filled up.
5. How far from (a.) The sea ...
About sixty miles from the Eastern Coast.
(b.) River
The town is built on the river bank. This river for most months
of the year is a broad bed of sand with but little water visible on the
surface, though an under-current is always flowing through the sand.
In the north-east monsoon it rises ten or twelve feet, and for a few
days is a broad and rapid stream.
(c.) Tank
No large tanks in the immediate neighbourhood.
(d.) Marshy land, and in what direction do these lie with reference to the locality.
The tract between Madura and the sea is mostly a level plain, with a good many shallow tanks and wet cultivation.
6. Level of locality as regards water level in adjacent river.
The ordinary level of the town is not more than twelve or fifteen feet above the sandy bed of the river.
7. Description of surface of country around the station.
The town lies in a river valley, which valley, especially on the right bank of the river, is two or three miles in breadth, and composed of a rich loamy soil of considerable depth. This soil is very fertile. Trees grow to a great size in it. It is rather extensively planted with cocoanut trees, and dry cereals. The left bank of the river, opposite the town, has a thinner covering of soil, and gneiss rocks appear on the surface not far from the river.
(a.) Flat ...