xiii
sandy bed of the river, while the water of the old Jail and neighbour-
hood shows evidence of soil contamination. There is one well in
the new Jail, the water from which is impure, and it is not used. The
old Jail, a building forming originally a portion of Trimula Naik's
Palace, has had a bad cholera repute, as the following figures will
testify :-
Cholera in old Jail, Madura, from 1855.
Years
Strength.
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apl.
May.
June.
July.
Aug.
Sept.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
Total.
A.
D.
A.
D.
A.
D.
A.
D.
A.
D.
A.
D.
A.
D.
A.
D.
A.
D.
A.
D.
A.
D.
A.
D.
A.
D.
1855
174
2
2
3
3
1
1
1
7
6
1856
235
4
2
1
1
1
6
3
1857
210
1
1
23
10
7
4
19
11
1
1
51
27
1858
276
4
2
7
4
2
1
2
2
1
3
18
9
38
17
1859
177
1860
181
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
3
9
6
1861
212
4
3
1
1
2
1
8
4
1862
371
7
4
8
4
6
4
1
1
3
2
24
15
1863
277
1
1
2
1
3
1
1
7
2
1864
288
10
8
10
10
16
11
44
29
1865
243
10
5
5
2
2
2
3
2
7
3
3
2
30
16
1866
209
1
7
3
5
2
1
1
7
4
21
10
1867
476
1
1
2
1
1
4
2
1868
474
4
1
5
1869
379
1
1
1870
50
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
5
4

When Cholera
occurs does it spread
equally over the
whole area, or attack
certain localities ?
So far as I could ascertain the residents of the dirty back streets suffer
most. Some localities were pointed out to me where cholera deaths
had occurred in 1870, and the houses and surrounding conditions, in
a sanitary point of view, were most unsatisfactory.
21. Nature of
house accommodation
There are many fine upper-storied houses built of masonry in the town,
but the poor people live in mud houses of one storey only.
as to (a.) construction,
materials,
dimensions, &c.
(b.) Number of
floors.
(c.) Cleanliness.
(d.) Privy ac-
commodation.
Everywhere deficient or defective.
(e.) Wells in relation
to privies.
Many wells in the town a great deal too near to privies.
(f.) Inhabitants
crowded or other-
wise.
Yes ; the old Fort wall was three miles in circumference, and upon the
area within, from 30,000 to 40,000 persons were congregated. Since
the demolition of the Fort wall, the town has spread out a little, but
not much. The population of the back streets is still very tightly
packed. The town contains about 10,000 houses.
22. Inspected
houses.
23. Age of
houses in relation
to Cholera.
The town is very old, but the age of houses it is very difficult to get at,
as most of the buildings have been rebuilt many times since the town
came into existence. The building used as a Jail is from 200 to 300
years old, and the cholera history of that building for the last fifteen
years is given above.
d