OF MADRAS.

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covered with a thin and rust-colored testa. The kernel is pale-white
and contains more than half its own weight of oil. The seeds are very
tasteful, wholesome and nutritive, and yield on expression a bland fixed
oil, the physical and medical properties of which are similar to those of
the Cashew-nut oil.

   † Odina Wodier, Roxb. 207, 208 and 209.

   Habitat.—Pretty common in Southern India, especially in the city
of Madras.

   Parts Used.—The gum and bark.

   Synonyms.—Of the gum—Jinkin-kí-gónd, Kinné-ki-gónd, Hind.
Bésharam-ké-jhár-ká-gónd, Shimptí-gónd, Múyí-gónd, Duk. Odiya-
pishin, Annaikiri-pishin Tam. Oddi-pisunu, Dampara-pisunu, Tel.
Udi-pasha, Malyal. Jival-lásá, Beng. Jingini-niryásam, Sans.
Shimptí-gónda, Mah. Of the bark.—Jin-kín-ki-chhál, Hind. Bésha-
ram-ké-jhar-kí-chhál, Duk. Odiya-pattai, Odiy-maram-pattai, Tam.
Oddi-patta, Oddi-chettu-patta, Tel. Udi-tóla, Udi-maram-tóla, Malyal.

   Local Sources.—Not sold in the bazaar, but as the plant is found
everywhere in Madras the bark can be obtained whenever it is needed,
and the gum requires to be also collected in its proper season.

   Physiological Actions.—The gum is demulcent, and the bark
astringent and tonic.

   Therapeutic Uses.—The gum is an ingredient in one of the prescrip-
tions I often use with success in infantile diarrhœa. Sec No. 199. A
decoction of the bark is useful as a gargle in sore-mouth and ulceration
of gums, and as a lotion in some forms of ulceration and eruption, as
mentioned in some medical works. It is also useful internally in some
cases of atonic dyspepsia and general debility, particularly if it is com-
bined with the Tincture of Gentian, Calumba, &c. The decoction,
however, does not produce any distinctly good effect either as an
internal or external remedy unless it is very strong, such as the one
described in the next paragraph.

   Preparation.—Decoction: Take of the inner bark, in coarse powder,
five ounces; water, three pints; boil on a slow fire till the liquid is
reduced to one pint, cool and strain.

   Dose.—From one and a half to three fluid ounces, 3 or 4 times ín
the 24 hours.

   European Drugs for which they may be substituted.—The bark for
Tinctura Myrrhæ, Liquor Plumbi Sub-acetatis Dilutus, Alum, Gentian
and Calumba; and the gum for Gum-Acacia.

   Remarks.—Generally the gum occurs in tears, which are either
yellowish or reddish brown and semi-transparent, or, colorless and
transparent. While this is generally the case, I have seen on two
occasions about a month after the rainy seasons a large quantity of gum
and resinous substance exuding from a large and old wound on the stem
of a very large and old tree, and collecting on the ground in the form
of an oblong and irregular mass. Two-thirds of this mass consisted of
gum, which was nearly colorless or pale-white, and one-third of insoluble

R