REPORT

ON THE

SANITARY CONDITION

OF THE

CANTONMENT OF DHARWAR,

INSPECTED IN AUGUST 1876.

      The new Military Cantonment of Dharwar is situated at about the dis-
tance of a mile and a half to the north-west of the town on a site to the west
of the Belgaum road from which the ground slopes down towards a nullah by
which the surface drainage is rapidly carried off to two artificial tanks. The
surrounding country is quite open so that the buildings in the cantonment are
fully exposed to the prevailing breeze, and cultivated fields extend all round the
camp which covers an area of 331½ acres and is only of sufficient extent to
accommodate one regiment of native infantry. It was occupied for the first
time by H. M.'s 12th Regiment N. I. on the 1st November 1875. The officers'
bungalows are situated on the higher ground near the Belgaum road towards
the east and are separated by the parade ground and an open space from the
lines and the regimental hospital.

      2. The lines consist of two blocks of pendalls divided by a main central
road 160 feet wide. The native officers' houses are situated on either flank, 8
being along the right and a similar number on the left flank, and in each block
there are 16 rows of pendalls, each of which contains 20 rooms 10' 4" x 9' 9" for
married sepoys and 24 rooms 9' 2" x 9' 9" for single men. The rooms are built
back to back and each room has a verandah 8' 6" X 4' 6". The plinths are 6
inches high and the walls which are composed of mud are 10 feet in height whilst
the ridge is 16 feet above the floor, which is made of mud. The roofs are single
tiled and ventilating openings have been provided in them for each room. The
doors are 5' 8" in height so that a man can stand upright in them. Each married
sepoy's room has therefore a superficial area of 100 square feet and a cubic
capacity counting to the top of the external wall of 1000 cubic feet. In reality
it is more as the above calculation does not include the lean to of the roof.

      3. The drinking water is derived from three wells dug in the metamorphic
schist on which the cantonment stands. One of these wells is set apart for the
use of the officers and the other two are for the use of the sepoys, one being for
Purwaries. They are situated between the lines and the nullah referred to
above. The Purwaries' well is 85' deep and is 170 yards distant from the place
where the trench latrines for the use of the men are placed. This system is
remarkably well carried out under the energetic orders of Colonel Hogg, and I
was much struck with the entire absence of any smell and pleased to see that the
trenches were not too deep, and that the ordure was at once covered with earth.