8

tionable |__| drains now found as road-side gutters, as the filth lodges in them,
and they have in many of the principal streets been covered over with slabs of
stone so as to form entrances into the houses; but on lifting up these, much filth
of all kinds was invariably found, which prevented all flow of water in them.
They should be uncovered and excavated. It would be better, of course, to do
away with these, and to have a glazed stone-ware pipe running down the centre
of the street into which the side drains could communicate; but this course
would, I fear, be, beyond the means of the municipality, so that if these drains
are continued they should be if possible, made U-shaped, and left open. The
netrances to shops should be the only places at which cross slabs should be
allowed.

   23. There are, I am informed, no under-ground drains in Dharwar; but all
the liquid filth flows out, as before mentioned, by the natural surface drains.

   24. Outside the town on the north, and between it and the fort,
Mr. Robertson has erected the most convenient and spacious fruit and vegetable
markets. These are by far the finest I have seen out of Bombay, and are a great
boon to the inhabitants. They consist of a quadrangular building with a corrugat-
ed iron roof, containing on each side of the square 20 stalls back to back, and are
of the following dimensions:—

Each stall is provided with an enclosed brick well covered over with a wooden
lid, in which the dealers keep their goods during the night. Outside the quad-
rangle are four blocks of shops, two of which have been completed. Each block
contains 14 shops or rows with a stall of 7 feet bread and a verandah of similar
width in front. The total expenditure incurred on these markets, including the
cost of providing roads, amounted to Rs. 26,257. At first, opposition was made
by the dealers, but it has been now overcome, and the people recognize the boon
that has been conferred upon them.

   25. The slaughter-houses are situated below the Lal Tank close to the
garden belonging to Mr. Shrineewasrao Hanumunt. The beef slaughter-house
is not sufficiently ventilated; the wall which encloses is partly open at the top,
but not, I think, sufficiently so, and there was a smell in it when I visited it. The
blood, &c., runs into a cess-pool, which is cleaned daily. The offal is buried in
pits above the slaughter-house. The arrangement is not a good one. It should
be buried in trenches, and daily covered over with earth. The smell from the
pits which were to windward of the slaughter-house was very bad. The mutton
slaughter-house is in the same locality but at some distance off. About 50 or 40
goats and sheep are brought for slaughter, and they are killed outside on the
hare ground, and the blood, &c., sinks into the ground. The open shed, where
the carcases are skinned and gutted, &c., is not at present paved, though it will, I
believe, shortly be so. I think there should be a proper slaughter-house, and
that the blood should be removed daily and buried with the offal in trenches.

   26. There are nine beef butchers in the town, but the private beef market is
a wretched place, and was found to be very dirty. The mutton is at present
sold in the verandahs of the houses of the butchers, of whom there are 39; but
Mr. Robertson contemplates, I am informed, building a proper beef and mutton
market distinct from, but in the neighbourhood of, the vegetable markets, This
will be an immense improvement.