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minute details will be dealt with subsequently, the work on them not being at
present complete.

       Further, as no consideration of the urine in itself could be looked on as a
statement of the whole case, without, at the same time, a review of the condition
of the blood from which the urine is derived, it will be necessary to make some
attempt to examine the modifications met with in the constituents of the blood
in natives of Bengal.

       The modifications of the blood and urine found during these investigations
naturally led to the question of the causation of the changes; a series of inves-
tigations, therefore, was carried out—in which the intake and output were care-
fully estimated—to gain some insight into the metabolism of the Bengali. The
second part of the paper will be devoted to an analysis of the results obtained
from these observations and to other evidence on the sufficiency, or otherwise, of
certain diet standards.

Part I.—The Urine and Blood of the Bengali.

A. THE URINE.

       In carrying out this investigation the procedure throughout was as fol-
lows:—The urine passed in each twenty-four hours was collected for four or five
consecutive days. The subjects of the experiments were students attending the
physiological department and servants of the college of different castes and,
therefore, living on more or less different classes of food-stuffs. The students
and qualified assistants were first examined, and our thanks are due to them for
the loyal way in which in every instance they carried out the collection of the
urine and for the interest they took in the investigation.

       These two classes, assistants and students, belong to the higher castes and
are fairly well-to-do, so that they have a free choice so far as quantity of food is
concerned, certain meats—more particularly beef—being forbidden by their
religion. Fish, mutton, goat and other forms of flesh-meat, however, are
permitted.

       The examination of these two groups being completed, the servants of the
college were next examined. They include durwans or gate-keepers—usually
belonging to higher castes; bearers of inferior castes; and lastly domes and
mehtars belonging to the lowest castes.

       The importance of the study of the urine of the domes is seen in the table of
analysis—Table I—these men being of low caste eat anything they can get and
are particularly fond of flesh. They purchase the cheaper, almost unsaleable,
portions of animals at the slaughter-house and make use of them as food.

       By examining the urine of each person daily for four or five consecutive
days more accurate results were obtained than if the urine passed during one