ANTI-RINDERPEST INOCULATION OF CATTLE                 

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         The dose rate of serum indicated above for Indian breed cattle refers to " plains "
animals in areas where rinderpest is indigenous. Cattle bred in hill districts
require from 15 to 25 c. c. per 100 pounds. No animal, however, small and of
whatever breed, should be given less than 30 c. c. of serum.

         In the event of any uncertainty concerning the dosage of serum to be
employed, this Institute will always be prepared to submit advice on the subject.

         In order to avoid any risk of an animal receiving only a dose of virus it is a
good practice not to inject virus until the individual animal has been injected
with serum.

                           7. VIRUS OR VIRULENT BLOOD.

         Two forms of virus for use in the serum simultaneous inoculation of cattle
are prepared and issued from the laboratory:—

         (a)  Ox virus. This product consists of virulent blood drawn from highly
susceptible hill bulls at the laboratory and is issued in bulk for the direct inocula-
tion of cattle in the field. When ox virus is employed it is very desirable that at
least one and preferably two susceptible cattle of small value should be given
virus alone and no protective serum in order to serve as controls. Very young
calves should not be used for this purpose. Such controls serve a two fold purpose:
(1) the extent of reaction exhibited in these animals provides an indication con-
cerning the virulence of the virus used for the immunisation; (2) if the controls
react well within five days after injection they may be bled and the virulent blood
thus obtained may be used for a second inoculation into the animals undergoing
immunisation.

         (b) Goat virus. This product is despatched from the laboratory in three sealed
ampoules to be used for the manufacture of virulent blood by the operator himself.
The goats intended to act as virus producers should be arranged for several days
before they are required for injection, in order that temperature records can be
taken and noted twice a day for at least 3 days before injection, and those animals
showing a considerable fluctuation in body temperature or with a persistent
"normal" temperature over 103°F. should not be used as virus producers. In
very hot weather it may happen that all goats show a markedly higher tempera-
ture in the afternoon and evening than in the morning. In this event it is some-
times necessary to take only the early morning temperature, and such goats as
may show a " normal" temperature above 103°F. at this hour should be rejected
as being unsuitable for virus production. At least two goats showing a fairly
constant pre-injection temperature should be selected as virus producers and these
should be injected with the goat virus immediately on its receipt from Muktesar.