6      THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY [I, I

Mix the contents of all the three ampoules and inject the mixed sample subcu-
taneously into the two selected goats.

                           8. THE RINDERPEST REACTION IN GOATS.

         A distinct rise in temperature occurs on the third, fourth or fifth day after
injection of the virus. The temperature reaction lasts for about five or six days
and a good virus is produced even if the goat shows no other signs of ill-health
at all and eventually lives its normal life. (Chart 2). Often, however, the goats
will show signs of malaise and inappetence and some may die. (Chart 1). In a
large proportion of animals, a secondary rise of temperature occurs with marked
symptoms of pneumonia and in such cases death usually supervenes. (Chart 4).
The rise in temperature due to rinderpest may be only from 2 to 3 degrees above
the normal, whereas in the later stages, that is, after the fifth day the temperature
may reach 106 or 107°F. due to the complicating pneumonia, and at this late stage
the goats must not be bled for virus. (Chart 3). The optimum day of bleeding
is the fourth day after the injection of virus, but if a suitable reaction occurs, goats
may be bled on the fifth day.

                           9. PREPARATION OF GOAT VIRUS FOR INJECTION.

         The blood is run out of the jugular vein by means of a suitable bleeding needle
or canula into a clean glass vessel that has been sterilised by boiling beforehand.
To prevent clotting of the blood, some strands of metallic wire or glass beads are
placed in the vessel to defibrinate the blood by vigorous shaking for some minutes
after it has been let into the flask. Clotting can also be prevented by running the
blood into about one-tenth its volume of a 4 per cent. solution of potassium or
sodium citrate. Inoculation of the cattle with serum should not be commenced until
the virus has been prepared ready for injection.

         A dose of goat virus used for immunising cattle should be injected also into
two more goats which will serve both as controls and virus producers for a second
inoculation into the cattle in the same way as in the case of ox virus.

                           10. VIRUS INOCULATION.

         Whichever form of virus is used, it is important to remember that it is extreme-
ly fragile and is liable to deteriorate in potency rapidly. A high temperature
affects it adversely, and on exposure to the air it will become completely inert
probably within two days. Neither form of virus can be considered fit for use
after eight days from the date given upon the label or packing slip. Arrangements
hould be completed beforehand so that inoculation of the virus is carried out