THREE-DAY SICKNESS OF CATTLE                     19

         Egyptian form of the disease were essentially the same as those mentioned by Iyer,
" except that in Egypt the breathing was altered at onset in a characteristic way,
being rapid and abdominal, while expiration was accompanied by a sort of ' double
lift '." He further observes that in Iyer's account " the lameness is not described
as occurring as early " as in Egypt, " nor does it appear to have been so severe."
A perusal of the available literature shows, however, that the occurrence of
lameness in a relatively early phase of the disease, although perhaps usual, is not
invariable in India, and according to Gopal Krishnan [1928], " occasionally no
lameness could be detected at all."

         Although called " three-day sickness", complicated cases may show the
symptoms for three weeks or more, whilst, on the other hand, acute cases may
recover in 24 hours [Bevan].

                           REPRODUCTION OF THE DISEASE.

         Beven [1907] failed to reproduce the disease, by injection of citrated infected
blood, in donkeys, rabbits and chicken, but obtained positive results in the case of
sheep, without, however, the " stiffness " characteristic of the disease. Robertson
(cited by Hutyra and Marek, 1922) was successful in reproducing the disease by
inoculating virulent blood in the jugular veins of oxen, the incubation period in
all such cases of artificial infection being 2 to 3 days. Rabagliati [1924] carried
out inoculation experiments, with both filtered and unfiltered infected blood, upon
twenty-six bulls, six sheep, a camel and a horse, and from the results he was led
to conclude that " the disease cannot be communicated by direct inoculation of
blood of infected animals", although, in view of the successful results
recorded by other workers, " confirmatory tests remain still to be esta-
blished". In the case of the so-called "bovine influenza" of Japan, Futamura
[1922] found that it was " inoculable" to mice, rabbits [Cf., however, Bevan's
observations as given above], sheep and cattle, but not to guinea-pigs and pigeons.
Theiler [1906-07] failed to reproduce the disease by rubbing on to the gums of
healthy animals the saliva derived from infected animals.

                           POST-MORTEM APPEARANCES.
         Owing to the extremely low mortality, little exact information is available as
to the lesions that may be regarded as definitely diagnostic of the disease. The
chief pathological changes, as observed by Bevan [1907], have been summarized by
him as follows:—

         (1) An altered condition of the blood, which clots very readily and which
allows a ready effusion of red-coloured material into the surrounding
tissues.