CLINICAL NOTES.

                              An Interesting Case of Cystic Calculi.

                                    (With Plate VI.)

      A Sahiwal stud bull, eight years old, while in active service, suddenly showed
acute symptoms of colic, on the morning of the 9th October, 1930. I suspected acute
digestive trouble and full dose of linseed oil with spt. ammonia aromaticus was
administered and the bull was given gentle walking exercise. After three hours,
finding no relief and the pain getting severer, another dose of oil was administered
with the same result. The temperature and pulse were normal, but the respiration
was laboured. Defecation and urination were arrested. A full dose of magnesii
sulph. with spt. ammonia aromaticus and tinct. belladona was administered and
warm soap water enema was given in the afternoon at 3 P.M. A small quantity
of soft dung was passed and the animal looked a bit relieved, but there was no
attempt to urinate, which drew attention to some obstruction in the urinary tract
and treatment was directed to stimulate the urinary apparatus to perform its held
up function. The bull was given internally repeated doses of dieuretics and blankets
wrung out in hot water were applied to the loins. He passed a small quantity of
urine on the 10th morning, at about 11 A.M., after which he did not even attempt to
urinate till he died, although all medicinal treatments were tried up to the end.
Palpation of the bladder from the rectum showed that it was full and the animal
evinced pain on pressure. The bull appeared spiritless, ceased to eat or drink, the
pulse quickened latterly and the expiration became prolonged and painful. There
was considerable oedema of the dewlap and brisket; the animal broke into profuse
sweat and ultimately died of uraemic poisoning on the 15th morning. The obstruc-
tion was suspected to be in the urethra, as the bladder was full on palpation. It
was diagnosed as calculi which had escaped from the bladder into the sigmoid flexure
of the penis which is especially predisposed to this accident owing to the narrowness
of the lumen and tortuous course of the canal—the stones having been intercepted
in their course from the bladder at the outward or first flexure of the
urethra above and in front of the scrotum. In consequence of the great difficulty
in reaching the calculi when lodged about the flexure and apprehending possible
rupture of the already over distended bladder, a surgical operation was deemed
inadvisable. The bull's temperature on the 14th evening was 100^o.2F. and 15th
morning 100°F. and he did not show any alarming symptoms until a few hours
before death. Accumulation of urine in the bladder produces in the more sensitive

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