34 THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY [ II, I

upon the problem of the control of blood-sucking flies, it is proposed to mention
here only the more important types of traps designed to capture the winged forms
of Muscidæ.

For the capture of adult house-flies, Burnett [1918] recommends the use of a
barrel, of which both the ends have been removed. One end of this is covered with
netting and to the other is fixed a funnel made of wire screen, the opening at the
point, ¼ to ⅜ inches, being in the centre of the barrel. The trap is placed on legs
3 inches long and is baited.

Hughens [1919] recommends a trap composed of 4 vertical sides of solid wood
with a flat top of wire-gauze and a gauze bottom raised to a ridge roof-wise. The
ridge is placed midway and is provided with ¼ inch holes along its length. The
lower edges of the box are cut away except at corners, so that the bait may be
placed under the box beneath the ridge and flies enter through the openings. The
trap stands on a wooden platform.

An ingenious method of trapping flies is that devised by Keane [1926]. The
trap, as described by him, is as follows :— " The actual trap-face is of glass, the
surface area of which measures not more than four inches by one inch in two pieces
overlapping and separated by a distance of a ¼ inch — two microscope slides may
be used. The lower and posterior glass section is flush at its lowest part with the
woodwork. The upper section allows a quarter inch space between its highest point
and the woodwork. The floor, sides and back consist of wood. A portion of the roof
consists of a glass window. The back can be opened for the purpose of cleaning
the trap." The trap may be installed in a section of a window-frame, the greater
portion of the trap projecting into the open air, and in this way illumination of its
interior is secured, for " the trap owes its success to the advantage taken of the
fly's apparent fear of darkness and its efforts, in consequence, to escape from it ".

Several simple methods have been recommended for the direct destruction
of either the adult flies or their eggs. Reference need hardly be made to the
well-known bait consisting of milk and formalin, for attracting the adult
flies. Patton [1920] recommends the use of a bait whereon the flies could be
induced to oviposit; at dusk, the tray is removed and the bait containing large
numbers of eggs is placed in the incinerator. He also recommends a trap con-
sisting of a large meat-safe with wire-gauze on all sides, except the top and bottom
which are made of wood. The entrance to the trap consists of 6 gauze cones,
which open almost at a level, with a door situated at the lower end of one side, the
bait being placed on the floor of the trap.