SCHISTOSOMA INDICUM, MONTGOMERY, IN EQUINES                 9

bad. This horse had apparently been in good health until August 1931, the only
diseases of importance previous to this were colic in 1926, and influenza in
February-March 1931. She was treated for intestinal parasites in August-
September and for colic twice during September and October 1931. Admitted to
hospital on 5th January 1932 in poor condition and treated for intestinal para-
sites. As there was no improvement in condition, the animal was tested with
Mallein and afterwards with Tuberculin, in each case with a negative result. She
was destroyed on 27th February 1932. Post-mortem examination showed the
following:—

Liver.—Cirrhosis and small calcified nodules throughout the parenchyma, weight
47 lbs.

Lungs.—Numerous calcified nodules throughout, about the size of a grain of
gram.

Small Colon.—The external surface of the whole of this part of the intestine
was entirely covered with nodules of a fibrous consistency.

Large Colon.—Lesions similar to those of small colon were present throughout,
but were much less numerous.

Kidneys.—Oedematous, cirrhotic, capsules adherent. Mesenteric lymphatic
gland—small calcified nodules present.

Bladder.—One nodule on internal surface.

All other organs apparently normal, parietal pleura and peritoneum healthy.

Histological examination of serial sections revealed Schistosoma indicum ova in
the centre of the nodules in the liver, small colon, mesenteric gland and the lung.

Although considerable pains have been taken in compiling the above case
reports to include as comprehensive a description as possible of the symptomatology
of the condition on the basis of the covering letters which accompanied the samples
of specimens in the collection of this Institute, and which have now been proved to
be definite cases of Schistosomiasis, it will be readily realised that the clinical
descriptions given above refer to the late stages only. At this stage the animals,
from which the tissues were collected, had either naturally succumbed to the
disease or they were in such a " worn out " and incurable condition that they had
to be destroyed. Further in these advanced cases the symptoms exhibited were
obviously the result of the primary infection with its secondary sequelae. In
order that field workers may be in a position to recognise with precision the
clinical symptoms of the initial stages of this disease, it seems advisable that a few
remarks to supplement the case reports be made here. As a result of the present
studies and from what knowledge is available of such forms of human bilharziosis