BOVINE NASAL SCHISTOSOMIASIS IN THE MADRAS
      PRESIDENCY WITH A DESCRIPTION OF THE PARASITE

                                      BY

                 M. ANANT NARAYAN RAO,

    Lecturer in Parasitology, Madras Veterinary College.

      (Received for publication on 7th November 1932.)
           (With Plates VII—IX and two text-figures.)

                             INTRODUCTION.

There exist two diseases which affect the nose of cattle in this Presidency and
both cause a granulomatous condition of the anterior nares in bovines. One has
been proved to be due to a rhinosporidium by Krishnamurti Ayyar [ 1927 ] and
another is caused by a schistosome, the etiology of which has been recently de-
scribed by Datta [ 1932 ]. Both the diseases are commonly known as " Nasal
Granuloma " and this expression therefore raises an ambiguity. To make matters
clear it is proposed to call the granulomatous condition of the nose caused by
Schistosomes as Nasal Schistosomiasis. This nomenclature of the disease at once
gives an idea of the cause of the disease, hence this paper is written under that
caption.

During the college vacation in April 1932, the author held additional charge
of the Department of Pathology and Bacteriology and it was then the presence of
sections of schistosomes and their ova were noted in the sections of nasal growths
sent for examination and report. Later, nasal washings were obtained in 3 or 4
per cent. solution of caustic potash. Hitherto out of 122 specimens examined, 104
have proved positive for ova of schistosomes. In addition to these the author
has examined fresh nasal washings from over 72 cases in the villages he visited,
all of which proved positive for ova. Over 45 growths, from different animals,
have been sectioned and examined hitherto, and all of them were found to contain
either ova, or worms or both.

It was found that a large amount of material came from Tiruvannamalai in
North Arcot District, and in the month of June the author undertook a holiday
trip to the place and, through the help of the local Veterinary Assistant Surgeon,
fresh nasal washings of over 20 cases were examined and all contained ova, most
of which showed live miracidia in them. All these cases came from Nammiandal,
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