30 THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY [ III, I

an adjoining village, which was also visited. In this village over 62 cases were
seen consisting mostly of cows, bullocks and about a dozen calves between one
and two years of age. The history of the introduction of this disease in Nammian-
dal is very interesting. One man purchased an animal having this disease about
the middle of 1930 and brought it to the village, and in the course of about 18
months over 62 animals contracted the disease. The nasal washings of those
animals also showed ova of schistosomes. From the cases that were brought to
the Veterinary Hospital at Tiruvannamalai and from those in Nammiandal, large
pieces of growths were removed for examination and these were found to contain
schistosomes.

During Michaelmas holidays in September last, the author again visited
Nammiandal village to collect material for work and he was shown a sheep having
nasal schistosomiasis. The villagers said that occasionally sheep also get the
disease. It was then learnt that nasal schistosomiasis existed in an endemic form
in Bandarlapalli and Kothakota villages in Chittoor District. On 30th September
1932 both the villages were visited and a large number of cattle was found to be
infected. It is interesting to note that in Kothakota the people hold a belief that
cattle contracted the disease if they drank water from a nullah close by, which
happens to be one frequented by cattle and through which they have to wade
while they are driven out to graze or brought back to the village. Among the
positive cases examined at Bandarlapalli, one happened to be a buffalo with
typical lesions. The history of this case showed that it has had the disease for
the past six months. The villagers said that there were some more infected
buffaloes in the neighbourhood. This is of particular interest inasmuch as no
buffalo has been known to be affected with this disease, and an opportunity has now
arisen to put on record the finding of a buffalo and a sheep with a natural attack
of this disease. With this in view, it is perhaps premature to say. at the present
time, what kind of animals possess a true species immunity against this schisto-
some. Another interesting point is that the buffalo mentioned above showed ova
of S. Spindalis in its faeces and Fairley and Mackie [1926] believe that the buffalo
is the definitive host for this parasite.

                                 SYMPTOMS OBSERVED.

These have been fully described by other workers and only a few words will be
said here about them. The first noticeable symptom is sneezing, which becomes
more pronounced while at work later. There is a fairly thick mucus discharge
from the nose when the lesions are few and small, and as the sessile granulations
get enlarged and abundant, the discharge becomes mucopurulent, often tinged with