TREATMENT OF BOVINE NASAL SCHISTOSOMIASIS              333

Veterinary Department, Madras, 1931-32, mention has been made of one case
successfully treated with Antimosan. Roy Chowdhuri [1932] has also recorded
his experience in the treatment of nasal schistosomiasis with this drug.

Perusal of the records on the treatment of this disease reveals several gaps,
notably with respect to : (1) the minimum dose of tartar emetic to effect a cure,
(2) the percentage strength of the solution of the drug for intravenous injections,
(3) the length of the course of treatment, (4) relapses, if any, after treatment and
(5) the mortality during treatment and its causes.

          Experimental work on the treatment of Nasal Schistosomiasis

Some experiments were conducted in the Madras Veterinary College Labora-
tory during the year 1935-36 commencing in March 1935, and the scheme of work
was so arranged as to ascertain :—(1) the efficacy of antimonium tartaratum,
Antimosan and Trypaflavin in the treatment of bovine nasal schistosomiasis,
(2) the minimum effective dose of each drug and the necessity for repetition to
cure an animal, (3) the progress of recovery in the animals under treatment as
ascertained by enumeration of ova in a measured quantity of nasal discharge
during a reasonable period of time after the course of treatment, (4) whether
any relapse occurs after a clinical or complete cure, in the absence of fresh
infection.

Eleven bovines suffering from the disease, in varying stages of intensity,
were obtained from Chittoor district on the 8th March 1935. The history of these
cases showed that each of them had had the disease for a year or over. Their
symptoms and the average number of ova in 0.1 c.c. of the nasal discharge were
recorded for over a week before the commencement of treatment. It is interest-
ing to note that those animals which had gross lesions showed smaller number
of ova in the nasal discharge than those which had only ulcerations on a thickened
mucous membrane. The animals were divided into three groups and each was
treated with varying doses of the selected drugs at different intervals. This
may not help an analysis from a statistical point of view, yet it gives definite
information in regard to the most effective and the cheapest drug for the treat-
ment in this condition. The treatment was commenced in all the three groups on
the 18th March 1935 and the animals excepting those that died were under
observation till the 18th August 1935.

DETAILS OF EXPERIMENT

Group A.—This consisted of four animals and these were treated with tartar
emetic in the form of a 6 per cent solution given intravenously.

Bullock No. 1.—Weight 252 lbs. Age 6 years. Duration of disease one
        year. It had large lesions with intense snoring. The average number
        of ova in 0.1 c.c. of the nasal discharge was 17. It received a dose