ABSTRACTS

Calf Paratyphoid. I. A general discussion of the disease in relation to animal
    and man. HENNING, M. W. (1953) Onderstepoort J. vet. Res., 26 (1), 3-23

THE author, besides recording his own observations, has reviewed the literature
on calf paratyphoid and allied Salmonella infections of other animals and man.

Having commented on the history of calf scours, its world-wide distribution and
the pathogenicity of different Salmonella strains for various species of animals and
man, Henning dwells on the relative frequency with which these strains are encoun-
tered in bovine infection; out of 507 cultures isolated from outbreaks in calves,
491 were identified as S. dublin, 11 as S. typhimurium, four as S. enteritidis and one
as S. bovis-morbificans. Twelve additional strains of S. dublin were isolated from
adult cattle.

For detecting carriers, the advisability of having recourse to both serological
and faecal culture examinations is stressed, as none of these, by itself, was found
to be as reliable as a combination of both. Contrary to what is observed in S.
typhimurium and S. abortus equi infections, the agglutinogenic response of infected,
carrier or immunised animals with S. dublin was found to result, principally, in the
production of 'H' agglutinins.

The role played by rats in disseminating Salmonella infections in man and
animals is brought out, and the practice of using commercial rat viruses for the
extermination of rats is deprecated.

The possibility of transmission of Salmonella infection from cattle to man,
with particular reference to S. dublin infection, through the agency of contaminated
milk, is discussed. (G.S.)

The therapeutic and prophylactic properties of Antrycide in trypanosomiasis of
        cattle. R.N.T.W. FIENNES. (1953) Brit. vet. J. 109 7 280-295, 8 charts

THIS is a review of work done under colonial development and welfare scheme.
(R. 318, 1949 to 1952).

Antrycide, a trypanocidal drug, was described by Curd and Davey [1950] to
possess the following properties: (1) Among most of the trypanocides, Antrycide was
active against more species of trypanosomes. (2) It had a wide therapeutic index.
(3) Being an insoluble salt, it protected the mice for a long period.

It was demonstrated by Davey that injections of Antrycide chloride were
effective in preventing the appearance of T. vivax in the peripheral blood of cattle
provided that the challenge was made within three to four months and of T. congo-
lense within five to six months. During the course of the experiments certain
animals, though revealed negative blood smears, were found to give positive serolo-
gical result. This was considered to be the evidence of cryptic infection. In such

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