June, 1955]                       R. M. SHARMA AND TULSA RAM                    139

                                                SUMMARY

Immunisation of goats and sheep against rinderpest with 'Goatis' by scarification
and subcutaneous methods has been described. The results obtained by the two
routes of inoculation are compared and the following conclusions arrived at :

(1)  There is no significant difference in the degree of reaction obtained by two
methods.

(2)  ' Goatis ' alone, whether by scarification or subcutaneous method, is not
a safe vaccine for immunising goats against rinderpest. It causes 25 per cent
mortality. For sheep of Bikaneri and Hissari breeds, ' Goatis ' can safely be used
for conferring immunity but the simultaneous administration of anti-rinderpest
serum is necessary in Lohi sheep to avoid severe reaction.

(3)  In goats and sheep that have long ears, the scarification method may appear
a little more convenient but it presents difficulty and inconvenience in vaccination
in breeds of sheep which have very small ears such as the Bikaneri.

                                    ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are indebted to Major A. C. Aggarwala, the then Director, Veterinary Ser-
vices, and Warden of Fisheries, Punjab, for helpful suggestions and for correcting the
paper, and to Shri R. R. Ghulati, formerly Superintendent, Government Livestock
Farm, Hissar, for encouragement and healthy criticism.

                                             REFERENCES

Hutyra, Marek and Manninger (1949). Special Pathology and Therapeutics of the Diseases of Domestic
animals, Fifth edition 272
Lall, H. K. (1947). Indian, J. vet. Sci. 17, 11-22
Nagina Singh (1949). Ann. Rep. A.D.I.O. (S. & G) Pb., 1948-49
Siddiqi, T. A. (1944). Indian J. vet. Sci. 14, 159-162.