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they have been tried, they have been completely abandoned as not only
useless, but harmful, from the fact that they multiplied the centres of
contagion.

Up to the present time the recent attempts which have been made
in Russia on the one hand by Semmer and in Egypt by Piot have not
led to any practical results, and protective inoculation has not yet
reached the state of perfection which would permit of its being
recommended for general adoption as a means of conferring immunity
against rinderpest. That this state may be reached there is every
reason to believe, and the results of the investigations which are to be
carried out in India are looked forward to with much interest.

Treatment.—The treatment of this disease, as is well known, is
seldom followed by very satisfactory results in Europe, whatever the
system adopted, and the numbers of recoveries bear but a very small
percentage to the numbers of deaths from the disease. This is true also
in India as regards the more severe types of the disease, and treatment
must always give way to suppression by isolation, segregation, and like
measures of preventing spread to other animals in the same and neigh-
bouring herds. Moreover, another point which militates against the
adoption of the treatment of cattle in this country is that of expense.
If we consider that with treatment the percentage of recoveries is very
small comparatively, the small number of recoveries which may be attri-
buted to the action of the drugs administered must bear the expense of
the treatment of the whole number; and in cases where the value of the
animals is but small, it will be found that the treatment scarcely pays.
There are cases, however, where treatment is of great value, when the
disease is of a mild type for instance, and there is reasonable hope that
the number of recoveries will be large; for we must not lose sight of
the fact that an animal recovered is proof against the disease probably
for the rest of its life, and therefore a great acquisition in a country
where the disease is enzootic. Under favourable circumstances, then, we
may adopt such treatment as may seem to us from the pathology of
the disease to be most suitable, always bearing in mind that it is
necessary, if satisfactory results are to be obtained, that it must be as
inexpensive and the drugs used to be obtained in the bazaars of the
towns or villages where the disease is prevalent.

When we consider that the more important lesions have their seat
in the digestive tract, and that the disease is of a typhoid or typhus nature,
we have something at least to guide us in the treatment. The first
point to be attended to is the state of the digestive system, and the next
is to support the strength of the animal and to limit as much as may be
the lowering diarrhœa and dysentery which weaken and destroy the animal.

In the first stage, where the changes in the abomasum and intestine
have led to constipation, the bowel being in a more or less inert

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