19

mature form was absent from the blood, it is interesting to note
that when blood was taken from a sheep 18 days after inoculation with
Horse Surra; and guineapigs were inoculated with the same, it caused
Surra.

Guinea pigs.—These animals present typical symptoms of the
disease; paroxysms and intermissions, gradual progressive anæmia, and
death.

Dogs and Cats.—The disease follows the same typical course;
œdematous swellings appear on the head, face, and limbs. There is pro-
gressive anæmia from which death results.

Analysis of Symptoms in the Horse.—Skin. An urticarial erup-
tion is occasionally noticed on the skin, about the time, or shortly
after, the infusorian enters the circulation.

Temperature.—It has not been possible to secure records of the tem-
perature of animals during the incubative stage of the spontaneous disease-
In inoculated cases the temperature curve has been variable, but ordinarily
in healthy horses it remains normal, or slightly rises after inoculation.
After the appearance of the infusorian in the blood, the temperature
varies very considerably, giving to the fever different types in different
animals. Hence in some cases we meet with a relapsing type, in others
a remittent; at first the rising and falling of the temperature is
concomitant with the presence or absence of the infusorian, but when the
disease has been running on for some time there comes a period, some days
before death, when the temperature remains elevated until immediately
before death, when it may become subnormal.

Pulse.—The pulse is, at the commencement of the disease, full and
strong during the paroxysm of fever, but seems normal during the fever-
free period: soon, however, as the anæmia progresses, we find that the
pulse becomes gradually weak and thready, and in many cases dicrotic.
It is naturally quick during the paroxysms of fever, and generally
regains about the normal number of beats during the apyrexial periods.
As Steel remarks, the tracing from the number of pulse-beats resembles
that from thermometer readings. Towards the end of the disease we
find the pulse much disturbed, increased in frequency and altered in
character.

Respiration—The respirations do not, as a rule, offer any marked
changes, following the course indicative of fever only.

Digestive apparatus.—The appetite is usually persistent throughout,
excepting at times when the fever is very high. This is a marked
peculiarity of surra, as in no case of other forms of fever do we find