6      REPORT OF THE CIVIL VETERINARY DEPARTMENT, BURMA,

were localized and resulted only in a small mortality in each case but
occurred over most of the districts of the Province.

Annual inoculations with spore vaccine have been successful in
preventing heavy mortality from the disease in epizootic areas.

The total mortality during 1937-38 was 825 in 30 districts as against
a mortality of 690 in 29 districts during the previous year.

Hæmorrhagic Septicæmia.—This disease occurred in the following
delta and maritime districts :—Mergui (916), Kyaukpyu (404), Pyapôn
(392), Bassein (313), Myaungmya (263), Akyab (212), Insein (163),
Hanthawaddy (154).

The total mortality throughout Burma for the year was 3,265 as
compared with a mortality of 3,937 in 1936-37. Vaccination was
continued in enzootic areas with good results but it was not always
possible to arrange vaccination until after the outbreak was well
established on account of delays in reporting and climatic conditions.
Vaccinations have to be carried out in the majority of cases during
outbreaks and as these are frequently of short duration, the effects of
vaccination are not always apparent. Attempts are being continued to
persuade cattle and buffalo owners to have vaccination done before the
onset of the rains in areas which are subject to annual recrudescence
of the disease. The results to date are not hopeful. More Veterinary
staff will require to be provided before this procedure can be made
effective.

Black Quarter.—The mortality from this disease was 336 during the
year, a slight decrease on the totals for the previous year (405).

Myaungmya and Magwe were the districts most heavily infected.

No inoculations, except in localized and limited areas, have so far
been done against this disease and the incidence and mortality have
not yet justified the production of a prophylactic locally.

Surra occurred in 14 districts of the Province and caused the
deaths of 143 animals, mostly equines. Pakôkku (40) was the area
most severely affected. Other cases were sporadic

Lebetna.—Forty-nine deaths are reported to be due to this disease
during the year in the Salween District. An opportunity for investi-
gating the cause and symptoms of this disease has not yet materialized.
The area of distribution is small but is situated in a part of the foothills
of the Shan plateau difficult of access.

Epizoolic Lymphangitis.—No cases recorded during the year.
Strangles.—One outbreak was reported from the Pakôkku District
resulting in one death.

Glanders.—Cases of this disease were dealt with in Insein (4),
Myitkyina (3), Maymyo (3).

The Insein cases had their origin in Rangoon where the disease is
present amongst gharry ponies. The Myitkyina outbreak originated
from contact with Chinese pack mules and ponies employed in trans-