5

The inspecting work done by the Assistant Directors of Public Health has
been comprehensive and they have submitted valuable reports on the efficiency
of the staff and work in 20 out of the 21 districts in the province.

The Civil Surgeons of the province inspected 25,046 primary and 5,684
re-vaccination operations against 22,638 primary and 3,510 re-vaccination last
year. It should be noted that the methods of inspection of Civil Surgeons
and Assistant Directors of Public Health are different. Civil Surgeons inspect
the new work which has just been done and the numbers returned by
them are therefore smaller, whereas Assistant Directors of Public Health
inspect all the children under ten years of age, and look at old work as
well as new work and also look for unvaccinated children and children who
are marked with small-pox, and they also examine vaccinators' registers and
other records in the villages where they can be verified and checked.

10. Supply of Vaccine.—Vaccine for the province was supplied from the
Vaccine Depôt at Namkum, Ranchi, during the three years under report as
shown in the detailed statement below:—

The total gross cost has increased during the year 1925-26, partly owing to
the increased cost of hiring calves, and partly owing to the necessity of keeping
a reserve of spare parts for the cold storage and pumping engines, and the
installation of a new ammonia machine in the cold storage to replace the old
one.

The revenue has increased during the last year owing to the larger sup-
plies of vaccine sent to the Orissa Feudatory States and to private bodies. This
supplies to the latter were nearly doubled, presumably on account of the
greater prevalence of small-pox during the year.

11.     Vaccine Depôt and cold Storage.—The utilization of the three new
isolation sheds and the dipping trough has been chiefly instrumental in
reducing the amount of epidemics amongst the calves employed in the depôt.
During the year,under report the depôt suffered much loss from epidemic diseases
amongst the cattle although some cases of foot and mouth disease were report-
ed. A large supply of vaccine was held in reserve and the necessary stores and
supplies were stocked in ample quantities. The cold storage plant has now
been duplicated, and the constant worry and trouble with regard to the cold
storage is now no longer experienced.

Cholera and influenza vaccines are stocked at the depôt and issued
throughout the province as required.

12.    Experimental Work.—During the last three years, a considerable
amount of experimental work has been carried out at the Vaccine, Depôt with
a view to improving the quality and quantity of vaccine and thus reducing the
cost of production.

Experiments were also carried out during the period under report in the
use of 0.05 per cent. of Iodine to purify the vaccine. The vaccine was kept for
twelve months in cold storage after the addition of the Iodine solution and then
tested. It gives satisfactory results in both children and rabbits and plate
cultures made from this vaccine showed no contaminating colonies.